Distorted Android

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Copyright 2016 Leszek Koltunski                                                               //

//                                                                                               //

// This file is part of Distorted.                                                               //

//                                                                                               //

// Distorted is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify                             //

// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by                          //

// the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or                             //

// (at your option) any later version.                                                           //

//                                                                                               //

// Distorted is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,                                  //

// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of                                //

// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the                                 //

// GNU General Public License for more details.                                                  //

//                                                                                               //

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License                             //

// along with Distorted.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.                            //

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

package org.distorted.library.main;

import android.app.ActivityManager;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.pm.ConfigurationInfo;

import android.content.res.Resources;

import android.opengl.GLES31;

import android.util.Log;

import org.distorted.library.R;

import org.distorted.library.effect.Effect;

import org.distorted.library.effect.EffectType;

import org.distorted.library.effect.FragmentEffect;

import org.distorted.library.effect.PostprocessEffect;

import org.distorted.library.effect.VertexEffect;

import org.distorted.library.mesh.MeshBase;

import org.distorted.library.message.EffectMessageSender;

import org.distorted.library.program.DistortedProgram;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

import java.nio.ByteOrder;

import java.nio.FloatBuffer;

import java.nio.IntBuffer;

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/**

 * A singleton class used to control various global settings.

 */

public class Distorted 

  {

  public static final int GLSL = 310;

  public static final String GLSL_VERSION= "#version 310 es\n";

  /**

   * When creating an instance of a DistortedTexture from another instance, clone the Bitmap that's

   * backing up our DistortedTexture.

   * <p>

   * This way we can have two DistortedTextures, both backed up by the same Bitmap, to which we can

   * apply different effects. Used in the copy constructor.

   */

  public static final int CLONE_SURFACE = 0x1;

  /**

   * When creating an instance of a DistortedEffects from another instance, clone the Matrix Effects.

   * <p>

   * This way we can have two different DistortedEffects sharing the MATRIX queue.

   */

  public static final int CLONE_MATRIX = 0x2;

  /**

   * When creating an instance of a DistortedEffects from another instance, clone the Vertex Effects.

   * <p>

   * This way we can have two different DistortedEffects sharing the VERTEX queue.

   */

  public static final int CLONE_VERTEX  = 0x4;

  /**

   * When creating an instance of a DistortedEffects from another instance, clone the Fragment Effects.

   * <p>

   * This way we can have two different DistortedEffects sharing the FRAGMENT queue.

   */

  public static final int CLONE_FRAGMENT= 0x8;

   /**

   * When creating an instance of a DistortedEffects from another instance, clone the PostProcess Effects.

   * <p>

   * This way we can have two different DistortedEffects sharing the POSTPROCESS queue.

   */

  public static final int CLONE_POSTPROCESS= 0x10;

  /**

   * When creating an instance of a DistortedNode from another instance, clone the children Nodes.

   * <p>

   * This is mainly useful for creating many similar sub-trees and rendering then at different places

   * on the screen with (optionally) different Effects.

   */

  public static final int CLONE_CHILDREN= 0x20;

  /**

   * Work around bugs in ARM Mali driver by, instead to a single FBO, rendering to a circular queue

   * of FBO_QUEUE_SIZE FBOs. (otherwise we sometimes get a 'full pipeline flush' and the end result

   * might be missing part of the Objects)

   *

   * This bug only exists on Mali driver r12.

   *

   * https://community.arm.com/graphics/f/discussions/10285/opengl-es-3-1-on-mali-t880-flashes

   */

  static final int FBO_QUEUE_SIZE = 4;

  /**

   * Number of Main program variants (ATM 3: MAIN, MAIN OIT, PREPROCESS)

   */

  static final int MAIN_VARIANTS = 3;

  private static boolean mInitialized=false;

  //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  /// MAIN PROGRAM ///

  private static DistortedProgram mMainProgram;

  private static int mMainTextureH;

  /// NORMAL PROGRAM /////

  private static DistortedProgram mNormalProgram;

  private static int mNormalMVPMatrixH;

  /// MAIN OIT PROGRAM ///

  private static DistortedProgram mMainOITProgram;

  private static int mMainOITTextureH;

  private static int mMainOITSizeH;

  private static int mMainOITNumRecordsH;

  /// BLIT PROGRAM ///

  private static DistortedProgram mBlitProgram;

  private static int mBlitTextureH;

  private static int mBlitDepthH;

  private static final FloatBuffer mQuadPositions;

  static

    {

    float[] positionData= { -0.5f, -0.5f,  -0.5f, 0.5f,  0.5f,-0.5f,  0.5f, 0.5f };

    mQuadPositions = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(32).order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()).asFloatBuffer();

    mQuadPositions.put(positionData).position(0);

    }

  /// BLIT DEPTH PROGRAM ///

  private static DistortedProgram mBlitDepthProgram;

  private static int mBlitDepthTextureH;

  private static int mBlitDepthDepthTextureH;

  private static int mBlitDepthDepthH;

  private static int mBlitDepthTexCorrH;

  /// OIT SSBO BUFFER ///

  private static int[] mLinkedListSSBO = new int[1];

  private static int[] mAtomicCounter = new int[Distorted.FBO_QUEUE_SIZE];

  private static int   mCurrBuffer;

  static

    {

    mLinkedListSSBO[0]= -1;

    mCurrBuffer       =  0;

    for(int i=0; i<Distorted.FBO_QUEUE_SIZE; i++)  mAtomicCounter[i] = -1;

    }

  ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  // meaning: allocate 1.0 screenful of places for transparent

  // fragments in the SSBO backing up the OIT render method.

  private static float mBufferSize=1.0f;

  /// OIT CLEAR PROGRAM ///

  private static DistortedProgram mOITClearProgram;

  private static int mOITClearDepthH;

  private static int mOITClearTexCorrH;

  private static int mOITClearSizeH;

  /// OIT BUILD PROGRAM ///

  private static DistortedProgram mOITBuildProgram;

  private static int mOITBuildTextureH;

  private static int mOITBuildDepthTextureH;

  private static int mOITBuildDepthH;

  private static int mOITBuildTexCorrH;

  private static int mOITBuildSizeH;

  private static int mOITBuildNumRecordsH;

  /// OIT COLLAPSE PROGRAM ///

  private static DistortedProgram mOITCollapseProgram;

  private static int mOITCollapseDepthTextureH;

  private static int mOITCollapseDepthH;

  private static int mOITCollapseTexCorrH;

  private static int mOITCollapseSizeH;

  /// OIT RENDER PROGRAM ///

  private static DistortedProgram mOITRenderProgram;

  private static int mOITRenderDepthH;

  private static int mOITRenderTexCorrH;

  private static int mOITRenderSizeH;

  /// END PROGRAMS //////

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// private: hide this from Javadoc

  private Distorted()

    {

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  static void createPrograms(Resources resources)

    {

    // MAIN PROGRAM ////////////////////////////////////

    final InputStream mainVertStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.main_vertex_shader);

    final InputStream mainFragStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.main_fragment_shader);

    int numF = FragmentEffect.getNumEnabled();

    int numV = VertexEffect.getNumEnabled();

    String mainVertHeader= Distorted.GLSL_VERSION + ("#define NUM_VERTEX "   + ( numV>0 ? getMax(EffectType.VERTEX  ) : 0 ) + "\n");

    String mainFragHeader= Distorted.GLSL_VERSION + ("#define NUM_FRAGMENT " + ( numF>0 ? getMax(EffectType.FRAGMENT) : 0 ) + "\n");

    String enabledEffectV= VertexEffect.getGLSL();

    String enabledEffectF= FragmentEffect.getGLSL();

    String[] feedback = { "v_Position", "v_endPosition" };

    try

      {

      mMainProgram = new DistortedProgram(mainVertStream, mainFragStream, mainVertHeader, mainFragHeader,

                                          enabledEffectV, enabledEffectF, Distorted.GLSL, feedback);

      }

    catch(Exception e)

      {

      Log.e("EFFECTS", e.getClass().getSimpleName()+" trying to compile MAIN program: "+e.getMessage());

      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());

      }

    int mainProgramH = mMainProgram.getProgramHandle();

    EffectQueue.getUniforms(mainProgramH,0);

    mMainTextureH= GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( mainProgramH, "u_Texture");

    // BLIT PROGRAM ////////////////////////////////////

    final InputStream blitVertStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.blit_vertex_shader);

    final InputStream blitFragStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.blit_fragment_shader);

    try

      {

      mBlitProgram = new DistortedProgram(blitVertStream,blitFragStream,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION, Distorted.GLSL);

      }

    catch(Exception e)

      {

      Log.e("EFFECTS", e.getClass().getSimpleName()+" trying to compile BLIT program: "+e.getMessage());

      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());

      }

    int blitProgramH = mBlitProgram.getProgramHandle();

    mBlitTextureH  = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( blitProgramH, "u_Texture");

    mBlitDepthH    = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( blitProgramH, "u_Depth");

    // BLIT DEPTH PROGRAM ////////////////////////////////////

    final InputStream blitDepthVertStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.blit_depth_vertex_shader);

    final InputStream blitDepthFragStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.blit_depth_fragment_shader);

    try

      {

      mBlitDepthProgram = new DistortedProgram(blitDepthVertStream,blitDepthFragStream,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION, Distorted.GLSL);

      }

    catch(Exception e)

      {

      Log.e("EFFECTS", e.getClass().getSimpleName()+" trying to compile BLIT DEPTH program: "+e.getMessage());

      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());

      }

    int blitDepthProgramH   = mBlitDepthProgram.getProgramHandle();

    mBlitDepthTextureH      = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( blitDepthProgramH, "u_Texture");

    mBlitDepthDepthTextureH = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( blitDepthProgramH, "u_DepthTexture");

    mBlitDepthDepthH        = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( blitDepthProgramH, "u_Depth");

    mBlitDepthTexCorrH      = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( blitDepthProgramH, "u_TexCorr");

    // NORMAL PROGRAM //////////////////////////////////////

    final InputStream normalVertexStream   = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.normal_vertex_shader);

    final InputStream normalFragmentStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.normal_fragment_shader);

    try

      {

      mNormalProgram = new DistortedProgram(normalVertexStream,normalFragmentStream, Distorted.GLSL_VERSION, Distorted.GLSL_VERSION, Distorted.GLSL);

      }

    catch(Exception e)

      {

      Log.e("EFFECTS", e.getClass().getSimpleName()+" trying to compile NORMAL program: "+e.getMessage());

      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());

      }

    int normalProgramH = mNormalProgram.getProgramHandle();

    mNormalMVPMatrixH  = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( normalProgramH, "u_MVPMatrix");

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  static void createProgramsOIT(Resources resources)

    {

    // MAIN OIT PROGRAM ////////////////////////////////

    final InputStream mainVertStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.main_vertex_shader);

    final InputStream mainFragStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.main_fragment_shader);

    int numF = FragmentEffect.getNumEnabled();

    int numV = VertexEffect.getNumEnabled();

    String mainVertHeader= Distorted.GLSL_VERSION +

                           ("#define NUM_VERTEX "   + ( numV>0 ? getMax(EffectType.VERTEX  ) : 0 ) + "\n") +

                           ("#define OIT\n");

    String mainFragHeader= Distorted.GLSL_VERSION +

                           ("#define NUM_FRAGMENT " + ( numF>0 ? getMax(EffectType.FRAGMENT) : 0 ) + "\n") +

                           ("#define OIT\n");

    String enabledEffectV= VertexEffect.getGLSL();

    String enabledEffectF= FragmentEffect.getGLSL();

    try

      {

      mMainOITProgram = new DistortedProgram(mainVertStream, mainFragStream, mainVertHeader, mainFragHeader,

                                             enabledEffectV, enabledEffectF, Distorted.GLSL, null);

      }

    catch(Exception e)

      {

      Log.e("EFFECTS", e.getClass().getSimpleName()+" trying to compile MAIN OIT program: "+e.getMessage());

      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());

      }

    int mainOITProgramH = mMainOITProgram.getProgramHandle();

    EffectQueue.getUniforms(mainOITProgramH,1);

    mMainOITTextureH    = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( mainOITProgramH, "u_Texture");

    mMainOITSizeH       = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( mainOITProgramH, "u_Size");

    mMainOITNumRecordsH = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( mainOITProgramH, "u_numRecords");

    // OIT CLEAR PROGRAM ////////////////////////////////////

    final InputStream oitClearVertStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.oit_vertex_shader);

    final InputStream oitClearFragStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.oit_clear_fragment_shader);

    try

      {

      mOITClearProgram = new DistortedProgram(oitClearVertStream,oitClearFragStream,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION, Distorted.GLSL);

      }

    catch(Exception e)

      {

      Log.e("EFFECTS", e.getClass().getSimpleName()+" trying to compile OIT CLEAR program: "+e.getMessage());

      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());

      }

    int oitClearProgramH   = mOITClearProgram.getProgramHandle();

    mOITClearDepthH        = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitClearProgramH, "u_Depth");

    mOITClearTexCorrH      = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitClearProgramH, "u_TexCorr");

    mOITClearSizeH         = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitClearProgramH, "u_Size");

    // OIT BUILD PROGRAM ////////////////////////////////////

    final InputStream oitBuildVertStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.oit_vertex_shader);

    final InputStream oitBuildFragStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.oit_build_fragment_shader);

    try

      {

      mOITBuildProgram = new DistortedProgram(oitBuildVertStream,oitBuildFragStream,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION, Distorted.GLSL);

      }

    catch(Exception e)

      {

      Log.e("EFFECTS", e.getClass().getSimpleName()+" trying to compile OIT BUILD program: "+e.getMessage());

      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());

      }

    int oitBuildProgramH   = mOITBuildProgram.getProgramHandle();

    mOITBuildTextureH      = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitBuildProgramH, "u_Texture");

    mOITBuildDepthTextureH = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitBuildProgramH, "u_DepthTexture");

    mOITBuildDepthH        = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitBuildProgramH, "u_Depth");

    mOITBuildTexCorrH      = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitBuildProgramH, "u_TexCorr");

    mOITBuildSizeH         = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitBuildProgramH, "u_Size");

    mOITBuildNumRecordsH   = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitBuildProgramH, "u_numRecords");

    // OIT COLLAPSE PROGRAM ///////////////////////////

    final InputStream oitCollapseVertStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.oit_vertex_shader);

    final InputStream oitCollapseFragStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.oit_collapse_fragment_shader);

    try

      {

      mOITCollapseProgram = new DistortedProgram(oitCollapseVertStream,oitCollapseFragStream,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION, Distorted.GLSL);

      }

    catch(Exception e)

      {

      Log.e("EFFECTS", e.getClass().getSimpleName()+" trying to compile OIT COLLAPSE program: "+e.getMessage());

      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());

      }

    int oitCollapseProgramH   = mOITCollapseProgram.getProgramHandle();

    mOITCollapseDepthTextureH = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitCollapseProgramH, "u_DepthTexture");

    mOITCollapseDepthH        = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitCollapseProgramH, "u_Depth");

    mOITCollapseTexCorrH      = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitCollapseProgramH, "u_TexCorr");

    mOITCollapseSizeH         = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitCollapseProgramH, "u_Size");

    // OIT RENDER PROGRAM ///////////////////////////

    final InputStream oitRenderVertStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.oit_vertex_shader);

    final InputStream oitRenderFragStream = resources.openRawResource(R.raw.oit_render_fragment_shader);

    try

      {

      mOITRenderProgram = new DistortedProgram(oitRenderVertStream,oitRenderFragStream,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION,Distorted.GLSL_VERSION, Distorted.GLSL);

      }

    catch(Exception e)

      {

      Log.e("EFFECTS", e.getClass().getSimpleName()+" trying to compile OIT RENDER program: "+e.getMessage());

      throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());

      }

    int oitRenderProgramH   = mOITRenderProgram.getProgramHandle();

    mOITRenderDepthH        = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitRenderProgramH, "u_Depth");

    mOITRenderTexCorrH      = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitRenderProgramH, "u_TexCorr");

    mOITRenderSizeH         = GLES31.glGetUniformLocation( oitRenderProgramH, "u_Size");

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  private static void displayNormals(EffectQueue[] queues, MeshBase mesh)

    {

    int num = mesh.getNumVertices();

    int tfo = mesh.getTFO();

    GLES31.glBindBufferBase(GLES31.GL_TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK_BUFFER, 0, tfo );

    GLES31.glBeginTransformFeedback( GLES31.GL_POINTS);

    DistortedRenderState.switchOffDrawing();

    GLES31.glDrawArrays( GLES31.GL_POINTS, 0, num );

    DistortedRenderState.restoreDrawing();

    GLES31.glEndTransformFeedback();

    GLES31.glBindBufferBase(GLES31.GL_TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK_BUFFER, 0, 0);

    Distorted.mNormalProgram.useProgram();

    GLES31.glUniformMatrix4fv(Distorted.mNormalMVPMatrixH, 1, false, EffectQueue.getMVP(queues) , 0);

    mesh.bindTransformAttribs(Distorted.mNormalProgram);

    GLES31.glLineWidth(8.0f);

    GLES31.glDrawArrays(GLES31.GL_LINES, 0, 2*num);

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  static void drawPrivOIT(EffectQueue[] queues, float halfW, float halfH, MeshBase mesh, DistortedOutputSurface surface, long currTime)

    {

    float halfZ = halfW*mesh.getZFactor();

    EffectQueue.compute(queues, currTime, halfW, halfH, halfZ );

    GLES31.glViewport(0, 0, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight );

    Distorted.mMainOITProgram.useProgram();

    GLES31.glUniform1i(Distorted.mMainOITTextureH, 0);

    GLES31.glUniform2ui(Distorted.mMainOITSizeH, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight);

    GLES31.glUniform1ui(Distorted.mMainOITNumRecordsH, (int)(Distorted.mBufferSize*surface.mWidth*surface.mHeight) );

    mesh.bindVertexAttribs(Distorted.mMainOITProgram);

    float inflate = mesh.getInflate();

    EffectQueue.send(queues, surface, inflate, halfW, halfH, halfZ, 1 );

    GLES31.glDrawArrays(GLES31.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, mesh.getNumVertices() );

    if( mesh.getShowNormals() )

      {

      Distorted.mMainProgram.useProgram();

      EffectQueue.send(queues, surface, inflate, halfW, halfH, halfZ, 0 );

      displayNormals(queues,mesh);

      }

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  static void drawPriv(EffectQueue[] queues, float halfW, float halfH, MeshBase mesh, DistortedOutputSurface surface, long currTime)

    {

    float halfZ = halfW*mesh.getZFactor();

    EffectQueue.compute(queues, currTime, halfW, halfH, halfZ );

    GLES31.glViewport(0, 0, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight );

    Distorted.mMainProgram.useProgram();

    GLES31.glUniform1i(Distorted.mMainTextureH, 0);

    mesh.bindVertexAttribs(Distorted.mMainProgram);

    EffectQueue.send(queues, surface, mesh.getInflate(), halfW, halfH, halfZ, 0 );

    GLES31.glDrawArrays(GLES31.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, mesh.getNumVertices() );

    if( mesh.getShowNormals() ) displayNormals(queues,mesh);

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  static void blitPriv(DistortedOutputSurface surface)

    {

    mBlitProgram.useProgram();

    GLES31.glViewport(0, 0, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight );

    GLES31.glUniform1i(mBlitTextureH, 0);

    GLES31.glUniform1f( mBlitDepthH , 1.0f-surface.mNear);

    GLES31.glVertexAttribPointer(mBlitProgram.mAttribute[0], 2, GLES31.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, mQuadPositions);

    GLES31.glDrawArrays(GLES31.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  static void blitDepthPriv(DistortedOutputSurface surface, float corrW, float corrH)

    {

    mBlitDepthProgram.useProgram();

    GLES31.glViewport(0, 0, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight );

    GLES31.glUniform1i(mBlitDepthTextureH, 0);

    GLES31.glUniform1i(mBlitDepthDepthTextureH, 1);

    GLES31.glUniform2f(mBlitDepthTexCorrH, corrW, corrH );

    GLES31.glUniform1f( mBlitDepthDepthH , 1.0f-surface.mNear);

    GLES31.glVertexAttribPointer(mBlitDepthProgram.mAttribute[0], 2, GLES31.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, mQuadPositions);

    GLES31.glDrawArrays(GLES31.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  private static int printPreviousBuffer()

    {

    int counter = 0;

    ByteBuffer atomicBuf = (ByteBuffer)GLES31.glMapBufferRange( GLES31.GL_ATOMIC_COUNTER_BUFFER, 0, 4,

                                                                GLES31.GL_MAP_READ_BIT);

    if( atomicBuf!=null )

      {

      IntBuffer atomicIntBuf = atomicBuf.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()).asIntBuffer();

      counter = atomicIntBuf.get(0);

      }

    else

      {

      android.util.Log.e("effects", "print: failed to map atomic buffer");

      }

    GLES31.glUnmapBuffer(GLES31.GL_ATOMIC_COUNTER_BUFFER);

    return counter;

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  private static void zeroBuffer()

    {

    ByteBuffer atomicBuf = (ByteBuffer)GLES31.glMapBufferRange( GLES31.GL_ATOMIC_COUNTER_BUFFER, 0, 4,

        GLES31.GL_MAP_WRITE_BIT|GLES31.GL_MAP_INVALIDATE_BUFFER_BIT);

    if( atomicBuf!=null )

      {

      IntBuffer atomicIntBuf = atomicBuf.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()).asIntBuffer();

      atomicIntBuf.put(0,0);

      }

    else

      {

      android.util.Log.e("effects", "zero: failed to map atomic buffer");

      }

    GLES31.glUnmapBuffer(GLES31.GL_ATOMIC_COUNTER_BUFFER);

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// reset atomic counter to 0

  static int zeroOutAtomic()

    {

    int counter = 0;

    if( mAtomicCounter[0]<0 )

      {

      GLES31.glGenBuffers(Distorted.FBO_QUEUE_SIZE,mAtomicCounter,0);

      for(int i=0; i<Distorted.FBO_QUEUE_SIZE; i++)

        {

        GLES31.glBindBuffer(GLES31.GL_ATOMIC_COUNTER_BUFFER, mAtomicCounter[i]);

        GLES31.glBufferData(GLES31.GL_ATOMIC_COUNTER_BUFFER, 4, null, GLES31.GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);

        zeroBuffer();

        }

      }

    // reading the value of the buffer on every frame would slow down rendering by

    // about 3%; doing it only once every 5 frames affects speed by less than 1%.

    if( mCurrBuffer==0 )

      {

      GLES31.glBindBufferBase(GLES31.GL_ATOMIC_COUNTER_BUFFER, 0, mAtomicCounter[mCurrBuffer]);

      counter = printPreviousBuffer();

      }

    if( ++mCurrBuffer>=Distorted.FBO_QUEUE_SIZE ) mCurrBuffer = 0;

    GLES31.glBindBufferBase(GLES31.GL_ATOMIC_COUNTER_BUFFER, 0, mAtomicCounter[mCurrBuffer]);

    zeroBuffer();

    return counter;

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Pass1 of the OIT algorithm. Clear per-pixel head-poiners.

  static void oitClear(DistortedOutputSurface surface, int counter)

    {

    if( mLinkedListSSBO[0]<0 )

      {

      GLES31.glGenBuffers(1,mLinkedListSSBO,0);

      int size = (int)(surface.mWidth*surface.mHeight*(3*mBufferSize+1)*4);

      GLES31.glBindBuffer(GLES31.GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER, mLinkedListSSBO[0]);

      GLES31.glBufferData(GLES31.GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER, size, null, GLES31.GL_DYNAMIC_READ|GLES31.GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);

      GLES31.glBindBuffer(GLES31.GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER, 0);

      GLES31.glBindBufferBase(GLES31.GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER, 1, mLinkedListSSBO[0]);

      }

    // See if we have overflown the SSBO in one of the previous frames.

    // If yes, assume we need to make the SSBO larger.

    float overflow = counter/(mBufferSize*surface.mWidth*surface.mHeight);

    if( overflow>1.0f )

      {

      //android.util.Log.e("effects", "previous frame rendered "+counter+

      //                   " fragments, but there was only "+(mBufferSize*surface.mWidth*surface.mHeight)+" space");

      mBufferSize *= (int)(overflow+1.0f);

      int size = (int)(surface.mWidth*surface.mHeight*(3*mBufferSize+1)*4);

      GLES31.glBindBuffer(GLES31.GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER, mLinkedListSSBO[0]);

      GLES31.glBufferData(GLES31.GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER, size, null, GLES31.GL_DYNAMIC_READ|GLES31.GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);

      GLES31.glBindBuffer(GLES31.GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER, 0);

      }

    mOITClearProgram.useProgram();

    GLES31.glViewport(0, 0, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight );

    GLES31.glUniform2f(mOITClearTexCorrH, 1.0f, 1.0f );   // corrections do not really matter here - only present because of common vertex shader.

    GLES31.glUniform1f( mOITClearDepthH , 1.0f);          // likewise depth

    GLES31.glUniform2ui(mOITClearSizeH, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight);

    GLES31.glVertexAttribPointer(mOITClearProgram.mAttribute[0], 2, GLES31.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, mQuadPositions);

    GLES31.glDrawArrays(GLES31.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Pass2 of the OIT algorithm - build per-pixel linked lists.

  static void oitBuild(DistortedOutputSurface surface, float corrW, float corrH)

    {

    mOITBuildProgram.useProgram();

    GLES31.glViewport(0, 0, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight );

    GLES31.glUniform1i(mOITBuildTextureH, 0);

    GLES31.glUniform1i(mOITBuildDepthTextureH, 1);

    GLES31.glUniform2f(mOITBuildTexCorrH, corrW, corrH );

    GLES31.glUniform2ui(mOITBuildSizeH, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight);

    GLES31.glUniform1ui(mOITBuildNumRecordsH, (int)(mBufferSize*surface.mWidth*surface.mHeight) );

    GLES31.glUniform1f(mOITBuildDepthH , 1.0f-surface.mNear);

    GLES31.glVertexAttribPointer(mOITBuildProgram.mAttribute[0], 2, GLES31.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, mQuadPositions);

    GLES31.glDrawArrays(GLES31.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Pass3 of the OIT algorithm. Cut occluded parts of the linked list.

  static void oitCollapse(DistortedOutputSurface surface, float corrW, float corrH)

    {

    mOITCollapseProgram.useProgram();

    GLES31.glViewport(0, 0, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight );

    GLES31.glUniform1i(mOITCollapseDepthTextureH, 1);

    GLES31.glUniform2f(mOITCollapseTexCorrH, corrW, corrH );

    GLES31.glUniform2ui(mOITCollapseSizeH, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight);

    GLES31.glUniform1f( mOITCollapseDepthH , 1.0f-surface.mNear);

    GLES31.glVertexAttribPointer(mOITCollapseProgram.mAttribute[0], 2, GLES31.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, mQuadPositions);

    GLES31.glDrawArrays(GLES31.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Pass4 of the OIT algorithm. Render all the transparent pixels from the per-pixel linked lists.

  static void oitRender(DistortedOutputSurface surface, float corrW, float corrH)

    {

    mOITRenderProgram.useProgram();

    GLES31.glViewport(0, 0, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight );

    GLES31.glUniform2f(mOITRenderTexCorrH, corrW, corrH );

    GLES31.glUniform2ui(mOITRenderSizeH, surface.mWidth, surface.mHeight);

    GLES31.glUniform1f( mOITRenderDepthH , 1.0f-surface.mNear);

    GLES31.glVertexAttribPointer(mOITRenderProgram.mAttribute[0], 2, GLES31.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, mQuadPositions);

    GLES31.glDrawArrays(GLES31.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  static void setSSBOSize(float size)

    {

    mBufferSize = size;

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// ARM Mali driver r12 has problems when we keep swapping many FBOs (fixed in r22)

// PowerVR GE8100 compiler fails to compile OIT programs.

  private static void detectBuggyDrivers()

    {

    String vendor  = GLES31.glGetString(GLES31.GL_VENDOR);

    String version = GLES31.glGetString(GLES31.GL_VERSION);

    String renderer= GLES31.glGetString(GLES31.GL_RENDERER);

    /*

    android.util.Log.e("DISTORTED", "GLSL Version "+GLES31.glGetString(GLES31.GL_SHADING_LANGUAGE_VERSION));

    android.util.Log.e("DISTORTED", "GL Version "  +GLES31.glGetString(GLES31.GL_VERSION));

    android.util.Log.e("DISTORTED", "GL Vendor "   +GLES31.glGetString(GLES31.GL_VENDOR));

    android.util.Log.e("DISTORTED", "GL Renderer " +GLES31.glGetString(GLES31.GL_RENDERER));

    */

    if( vendor.contains("ARM") )

      {

      if( version.contains("r12") )

        {

        android.util.Log.e("DISTORTED", "You are running this on a ARM Mali driver r12.\nThis is a buggy driver, please update to r22. Problems with flashing expected.");

        }

      }

    else if( vendor.contains("Imagination") )

      {

      if( renderer.contains("GE8") )

        {

        android.util.Log.e("DISTORTED", "You are running this on a PowerVR GE8XXX.\nDue to a buggy compiler OIT rendering will not work");

        }

      }

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/**

 * Have we called onCreate yet, ie have we initialized the library?

 * @return <code>true</code> if the library is initialized and ready for action.

 */

  public static boolean isInitialized()

    {

    return mInitialized;

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/**

 * When OpenGL context gets created, call this method so that the library can initialise its internal data structures.

 * I.e. best called from GLSurfaceView.onCreate().

 * <p>

 * Needs to be called from a thread holding the OpenGL context.

 *   

 * @param context Context of the App using the library - used to open up Resources and read Shader code.

 */

  public static void onCreate(final Context context) throws Exception

    {

    final ActivityManager activityManager     = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);

    final ConfigurationInfo configurationInfo = activityManager.getDeviceConfigurationInfo();

    android.util.Log.e("DISTORTED", "Using OpenGL ES "+configurationInfo.getGlEsVersion());

    mInitialized = true;

    detectBuggyDrivers();

    EffectMessageSender.startSending();

    final Resources resources = context.getResources();

    Exception exception=null;

    try

      {

      createPrograms(resources);

      }

    catch(Exception ex)

      {

      exception = ex;

      }

    try

      {

      createProgramsOIT(resources);

      }

    catch(Exception ex)

      {

      exception = ex;

      }

    try

      {

      EffectQueuePostprocess.createPrograms(resources);

      }

    catch(Exception ex)

      {

      exception = ex;

      }

    try

      {

      PostprocessEffect.createPrograms();

      }

    catch(Exception ex)

      {

      exception = ex;

      }

    if( exception!=null)

      {

      throw exception;

      }

    }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/**

 * Call this so that the Library can release the OpenGL related data that needs to be recreated.

 * Must be called from Activity.onPause().

 */

  public static void onPause()

    {

    DistortedObject.onPause();

    mLinkedListSSBO[0]= -1;